Dampak Electronic Medical Record pada Aspek Waktu dan Kepuasan di Layanan Kesehatan: Tinjauan Sistematis

Titik Nurhayati, Abraham Michael

Abstract


Layanan kesehatan terus berkembang pesat dengan kemajuan teknologi yang inovatif. Salah satu terobosan penting dalam bidang ini adalah implementasi Electronic Medical Record (EMR) yang menawarkan transformasi layanan dalam dokumentasi klinis pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak EMR terhadap aspek waktu dan kepuasan di layanan kesehatan dengan pendekatan tinjauan sistematis berdasarkan panduan Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA). Lima basis data digunakan dalam pencarian artikel yaitu Science Direct, Emerald Insight, Sage Journal, Proquest, dan Perpustakaan Universitas Indonesia dengan kata kunci terkait EMR. Dari 10 penelitian yang dianalisis menunjukkan bahwa dampak EMR terhadap efisiensi waktu bervariasi. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu pencatatan dengan EMR lebih lama dibandingkan dengan dokumentasi berbasis kertas (Paper Medical Record/PMR) yang diakibatkan kurangnya adaptasi sistem dan sistem yang dianggap terlalu rumit. Namun, sebagain besar studi menyatakan bahwa implementasi EMR memiliki keunggulan signifikan dalam efisiensi waktu dokumentasi klinis dibandingkan PMR, meningkatkan kualitas komunikasi dokter-pasien, kepuasan pasien, keselamatan pasien, dan pengambilan keputusan klinis. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan waktu tunggu yang lebih lama, perlu dilakukan pelatihan yang memadai bagi tenaga medis, desain sistem EMR yang user-friendly, integrasi dengan sistem rumah sakit lain, dan evaluasi berkala terhadap penerapan EMR untuk memastikan manfaat yang maksimal. Rekomendasi penelitian mencakup perlu adanya desain studi yang lebih kuat, mempertimbangkan faktor kontekstual seperti desain sistem EMR dan pelatihan staf, serta pengembangan metrik dan alat yang valid untuk mengukur dampak EMR.

Kata kunci: Electronik Record, Dampak Waktu, Dampak Kepuasan, Systematic Review


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.62389/bina.v3i1.75


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